Cultivo Biodinâmico de Plantas Medicinais em Agroflorestas na Promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis: uma proposta pedagógica de formação-ação / Biodynamic Cultivation of Medicinal Plants in Agroforests to Promote Healthy and Sustainable Territories: a pedagogical proposal for training-action

RESUMO A formação-ação no contexto da saúde coletiva pode ser estratégica para a resistência a esse modelo de agronegócio deletério e excludente, pois engendra um conjunto de práticas que modificam a maneira de sentir, pensar e agir em relação aos usos da terra; e fortalecem o movimento agroecológico, as práticas integrativas complementares de cuidado e as formas solidárias, democráticas e inclusivas de se relacionar com a natureza. A formação-ação: Cultivo Biodinâmico de Plantas Medicinais em Agroflorestas na Promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis no Distrito Federal, nasce da confluência de outras experiências associada à necessidade de construir estratégias para a formação de profissionais e comunidades relacionados com ações em saúde para a promoção de territórios saudáveis e sustentáveis, constituído de bases teórico-metodológicos que envolvem educandos, educadores e comunidades, e articula diferentes categorias de análise para a construção e ressignificação do conhecimento, contando com ferramentas pedagógico-metodológicas baseadas na Pedagogia da Alternância e organizadas em tempos distintos do processo ensino-aprendizagem. A matriz curricular organiza-se em dois módulos: Desenvolvimento, Ciência e Saúde; e Agrofloresta, Arranjos Produtivos e Saúde. A formação é um meio de transformar a realidade local, de promover a saúde, de dialogar com as comunidades e de reconhecer os territórios.

ABSTRACT Training-action, in the context of collective health, can be strategic for resisting this harmful and exclusive agribusiness model, as it engenders a set of practices that modify not only the way of feeling, thinking and acting in relation to land uses, and they strengthen the agroecological movement, complementary integrative care practices and the solidary, democratic, and inclusive ways of relating to nature. Training-action: Biodynamic Cultivation of Medicinal Plants in Agroforestry in the Promotion of Healthy and Sustainable Territories in the Federal District arises from the confluence of other experiences associated with the need to build strategies for the training of professionals and communities related to health actions to promote healthy and sustainable territories, constituted by theoretical-methodological bases that involve students, educators, and communities, and articulates different categories of analysis for the construction and reframing of knowledge, having pedagogical-methodological tools based on the Pedagogy of Alternation and organized at different times of the teaching-learning process. The curriculum matrix has 2 modules: Development, Science, and Health; and Agroforestry, Productive Arrangements, and Health. Training is a means to transform the local reality, to promote health, to dialogue with communities, and to recognize the territories.

Chácara Bindu, uma experiência de agroecologia, conservação produtiva, educação e saúde / Chácara Bindu, an experience in agroecology, productive conservation, education, and health

RESUMO A crise socioambiental é cada vez mais presente na realidade urbana e rural. A experiência agroecológica neorrural é uma inovação que pode transformar o paradigma produtivo predominante e propor novas formas de relacionamento entre as pessoas. Além disso, pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de sistemas alimentares que promovem justiça socioambiental, segurança alimentar e nutricional, criação de territórios saudáveis e sustentáveis. O objetivo deste relato de experiência foi apresentar a Comunidade que Sustenta a Agricultura, Educação e Saúde (CSAES) na Chácara Bindu, que desenvolve tecnologias sociais nas áreas de agricultura, educação e saúde no Distrito Federal. O relato da experiência foi desenvolvido em sete itens relacionados com criação, conservação produtiva, educação e saúde no organismo socioagrícola da Chácara Bindu. Destacam-se os vínculos com base na confiança e cooperação, o processo de expansão do modelo da CSAES Bindu a partir de uma Comunidade que Sustenta a Agricultura, a continuidade das entregas de produtos cultivados sem insumos sintéticos e sem agrotóxicos e o acesso das famílias coagricultoras a alimentos saudáveis no contexto de isolamento social imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19.

ABSTRACT The socio-environmental crisis is increasingly present in the urban and rural reality. A neorural agroecological experience is an innovation that can transform the predominant productive paradigm and propose new ways of relationship between people. Furthermore, it can contribute to the development of food systems that promote social and environmental justice, food and nutrition security, and the creation of healthy and sustainable territories. The objective of this experience report was to present the Community that Sustains Agriculture, Education, and Health (CSAES) at Chácara Bindu, which has social technologies in the fields of agriculture, education, and health in the Federal District. The experience report was developed in seven items related to creation, productive conservation, education, and health in the social-agricultural organization of Chácara Bindu. The linkages based on trust and cooperation, the expansion process of the CSAES from a Community that Sustains Agriculture, the continued delivery of products cultivated without synthetic inputs and without pesticides, and the access of co-agricultural families to healthy food stand out in the context of social isolation imposed by the Covid-19.

Red blood cell alloimmunization among hospitalized patients: transfusion reactions and low alloantibody identification rate

ABSTRACT Background: Unexpected red blood cell alloantibodies can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions. In this study, the prevalence of alloimmunization, the rate of identification of alloantibodies and the rate of blood transfusion reactions among transfused patients were identified in a clinical emergency hospital in Brazil. Methods: Transfusions and clinical records of patients who had a positive indirect antiglobulin test between January and December 2013 were analyzed. Results: Of 1169 patients who received blood transfusions, 28 had positive indirect antiglobulin tests, with one patient having two positive tests at different times, resulting in 29 positive tests during the period of this study. Alloantibodies were identified in 58.6% (17/29) of the cases. In 27.5% (8/29), identification was inconclusive and it was not possible to confirm alloimmunization. The rate of red blood cell alloimmunization was 1.71% (21/1169). Of 21 cases of alloimmunization, four (19%) were unidentified due to an unusual agglutination profile. All identified alloantibodies were clinically significant (10/17 anti-Rh, 5/17 anti-Kell and 2/17 anti-MNS). In two patients who had positive indirect antiglobulin tests, one had an unidentified alloantibody, and the other had an inconclusive test and developed a hemolytic transfusion reaction. Conclusion: The prevalence of clinically important red blood cell alloantibodies and hemolytic transfusion reactions among patients with unidentified alloantibodies suggests that specific laboratory techniques should be performed to identify alloantibodies in cases of pan-reactivity or autoantibodies to improve transfusion safety.

Degeneration rate of goat primordial follicles maintained in TCM 199 or PBS at different temperatures and incubation times

The present work has investigated the degeneration rate of goat primordial follicles in situ after preservation in PBS or TCM 199 at different temperatures and incubation times. For each animal the ovarian pair was divided into 19 fragments. One ovarian fragment was taken randomly and immediately fixed (control). The other 18 ovarian fragments were randomly distributed in tubes containing PBS or TCM 199 and stored at 4º, 20º or 39ºC for 4, 12 or 24h. The storage of ovarian fragments in PBS or TCM 199 at 20ºC for 12h and 24h or at 39ºC, in all incubation times tested, increased significantly the percentage of degenerated primordial follicles (P<0.05). In contrast, for both media tested the degeneration rate of primordial follicles preserved at 4ºC for up to 24h and at 20ºC for 4h was similar to control values (P>0.05). In conclusion, this study shows that PBS was as efficient as TCM 199 in the preservation of goat primordial follicles in situ, being the best results observed at 4ºC

Estudo histopatológico da retina de coelhos após injeção intravítrea de lidocaína / Histopathologic study of the retina in rabbits after intravitreous injection of lidocaine

Objetivo: Estudar em olhos de coelhos as alterações retinianas após injeção intravítrea de lidocaína nas concentrações 0,5, 1,0 e 2,0 por cento por meio de análise histopatológica com microscopias de luz e eletrônica de transmissão. Métodos: Foram utilizados 40 olhos de 20 coelhos albinos da raça Nova Zelândia, submetidos à injeção intravítrea de lidocaína a 0,5 por cento (grupo II),1,0 por cento (grupo 111) e 2,0 por cento (grupo IV) nos olhos direitos e solução salina nos olhos esquerdos (grupo I-controle) após anestesia geral. Foi realizada oftalmoscopia binocular indireta, antes, durante, imediatamente e uma hora após a injeção intravítrea e nos dias primeiro , terceiro, sétimo e décimo quinto de evolução. Nos mesmos períodos um olho do grupo II, dois olhos do grupo III, um olho do grupo IV e todos olhos contralaterais (grupo I), foram enucleados e examinados sob microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão. Resultados: A observação por oftalmoscopia binocular indireta antes e durante a injeção intravítrea não apresentou alteração em todos os olhos examinados. Após a injeção intravítrea observou-se a retina com aspecto esbranquiçado difuso, elevação da interface vítreo-retiniana, focal e próximo ao local de injeção, edema de retina e anel de condensação vítrea tanto no grupo controle quanto nos olhos com injeção de lidocaína. A análise histológica por microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão não evidenciou alterações em nenhum dos olhos examinados. Conclusões: A injeção intravítrea de lidocaína nas concentrações de 0,5, 1,0 e 2,0 por cento demonstrou ser atóxica para a retina, considerando os estudos de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão.

Preservation of goat preantral follicles in saline or coconut water solution

The present study investigated the efficiency of saline solution and coconut water solution in the preservation of goat preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue, at different temperatures and for different incubation periods. At the slaughterhouse, the ovarian pair was divided into 19 fragments; one ovarian fragment was immediately fixed for histology (control-time zero). The other 18 ovarian fragments were preserved in both solutions at 4ºC, 20ºC or 39ºC for 4 h, 12 h or 24 h. The histological analysis showed that the storage of ovarian fragments in both solutions at 4ºC for up to 24 h kept the percentage of normal preantral follicles similar to the control values. In contrast, preservation at 20°C or 39ºC, in either solution, reduced significantly the percentage of normal preantral follicles compared to the control values, except in saline solution at 20ºC for 4 h or in coconut water solution at 20ºC for 4 h and 12 h. In conclusion, this study shows that both solutions can be used with the same efficiency to preserve goat preantral follicles at 4°C, irrespective of the incubation time. However, to preserve goat preantral follicles at higher temperatures, coconut water solution is recommended